Internal Threats to Pakistan - 10157 Words

EMERGING DYNAMICS OF INTERNAL THREATS TO NATIONAL SECURITY Introduction 1. The multifarious threats to the security of Pakistan whether external or internal, have intensified in the 21st century. Unfortunately, no threat posed to the security of this country since the time of her inception has ever been fully controlled or eradicated. According to Quaid-e-Azam, â€Å"Pakistan was a cyclic revolution without parallel or precedence in history†. He wanted to make it a State that was united and powerful, a State where Muslims of the Subcontinent would live and breathe freely and practice the principles of Islamic social justice. The creation of Pakistan, he repeatedly emphasized, had limitless possibilities for its people. However, during the†¦show more content†¦The Muslim leaders made it unambiguous to both the Hindus and the British that Muslims were a separate nation. The Pakistan Movement succeeded on the basis of Islamic ideology and it was only then that the Muslims of the Sub-Continent were able to carve out a separate state for the mselves.[2] Psychosocial Environments At The Time Of Independence 7. Since the time of independence, Pakistan has confronted many dissentions within the society, which emerged out of the following psychosocial environments existing at that time: - a. Ideology. Pakistan came into being on the basis of two-nation theory. The clash of nationalism in India was based on a psychological conflict that was equally fought on the fields of politics as well as in the minds of the Muslims.[3] The hopes, aspirations and desires of the Muslims of India were to build Pakistan on the basis of Islamic ideology. b. Religious Diversity. Religion was the strongest unifying bond between the Muslims of India at the time of independence. However, after independence, contrary interpretations of Islam were adopted in different regions. Bengalis at the time of independence saw Islam in a liberal perspective. The West Pakistanis considered Islam as an integrating force and the main reason for independence.[4] The differences between East and West Pakistan, the 1953 religious frictions and the recent sectarian violence are all part of a tragic story, which continue to hauntShow MoreRelatedFuture Of Terrorism And Its Future Prospects Within Pakista n1598 Words   |  7 PagesFUTURE OF TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN 1. The threat of terrorism which existed prior to 9/11 got accentuated and transformed into a potent, dynamic and multi-dimensional phenomenon. As of today, few countries in the world are threatened by such diverse forms and manifestations of terrorism as we are; both in the present and futuristic context. There are external influences and there are internal dissentions. While the vested interests of the regional and global players denote one facet, the socio-politicalRead More Relations Between India and Pakistan1489 Words   |  6 PagesOften synonymous with open hostility, relations between India and Pakistan are influenced by numerous discordant factors. This essay will examine the primary antecedent, the Partition of India and its bifurcation into two states. In emphasising the collective trauma and fragile nationalisms that emerged, a connection will be established between the ensuing fear and distrust and its manifestation into policies and actions over the past six decades. Its ramifications will be considered in relationRead MoreChina Pakistan Economic Corridor : A Spatial Analysis On The Security Risk Of Cpec1534 Words   |  7 PagesChina Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Spatial Analysis on the Security Risk of CPEC Muhammad Umer ArshadË ¡ Zhao Hai Dong ² Ë ¡ PhD Fellow, Department of Economic, Inner Mongolia University, HoHHoT, China,Student.Pak@yahoo.com  ² Head of Department, Economic Department, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China, hdzhayy@163.com Address for Correspondence: Muhammad Umer Arshad, Phd Fellow, Department of Economic, Inner Mongolia University, HoHHoT, China, International Building #D Room#109,Student.Pak@yahooRead MoreThe nuclear stockpile residing in Pakistani creates a potentially devastating threat to the1600 Words   |  7 Pagesdevastating threat to the security of the world. For years Taliban, Al Qaeda, and terrorists sympathizers have emphasized a necessity to obtain Pakistan’s nuclear weapons. The United States has recognized the importance of securing the weapons, but Pakistan is persistently assuring the U.S. of the stockpiles safety and has even taken offense to such safety accusations. It is hard to thoroughly trust the credibility of Pakistani statements because of the connection between the Pakistan government andRead MoreDemocracy in Pakistan1572 Words   |  7 PagesDEMOCRACY IN PAKISTAN OUTLINES 1. Introduction 2. What is democracy? 3. Nature of democracy. 4. Beginning of democracy 5. Democracy since creation 6. Causes of failure of democracy 7. Impacts of democracy 8. Measures for the survival of democracy 9. Conclusion â€Å"The essence of democracy is its assurance that people should so respect himself and should be so respected in his own personality that he should have opportunity equal to that of every other human being to show what he was meant to becomeRead MorePakist Pakistan For Counter Terrorism And Sino Pak Cooperation825 Words   |  4 PagesPakistan by virtue of its geographic location started its international collaborated in 1990s during the Afghan war. After the war ended, it had to face the post war consequences as a burden of more than 3 million Afghan refugees, ever growing drug trade in neighborhood as well as Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. Indeed the militia which fought against erstwhile USSR in Afghanistan was abruptly abandoned who found safe haven along Pakistan Afghan borders. After 9/11 the situationRead MoreSouth Asian region is considered the heartland of present times owing to its geo-strategic1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthere are seven countr ies in south Asia and the major countries of this region are India and Pakistan due to three major reasons: Firstly, huge land size, second population size, Third economic size and fourthly both are Nuclear powers. The added point is that both India and Pakistan both are neighbors and share a long boundary of 1600 KM between them. In the past Bangladesh was the part of West Pakistan. There are two aspects of water dispute; first Water dispute originated in 1947 due to BoundaryRead MorePolicy In Pakistan997 Words   |  4 PagesUS policy in Pakistan largely centres around expending military aid to combat regional terrorism and facilitate peace in Afghanistan. However, it has hardly achieved any tangible results. The Pakistani army, which supersedes it’s elected government, diverted these funds towards anti-India terror factions for covert proxy wars due to it’s historic rivalry with India. These terror factions carried out the Mumbai terror attacks in 2008, attracting censure from Pakistan’s civilians and internationalRead MorePakistan, India and The Disputed Region of Kashmir Essay1005 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategic dimensions. Pakistan is no other exception to this; now this thought paper will discuss what sort of flaws are there is Pakistan’s foreign policy regarding the undisputed territory: Kashmir. The long conflict ravaged part which has caused several wars between India and Pakistan. Pakistan, ever since its inception, has been proclaiming a right on the territory of Kashmir. Indeed Jinnah argued that â€Å"the new nation would be incomplete without Kashmir†¦and the ‘K’ in Pakistan stood for KashmirRead MoreCurrent Situation of Pakistan Economy1581 Words   |  7 PagesCurrent Situation of Pakistan Economy There are genuine fears prevailing in Pakistan that its economy is in a bad shape. Whereas some expert economists of the country comment that Pakistan’s economy is near collapse, others are of the view that although our economy is still away from the verge of immediate collapse it is so fragile that unless serious and urgent efforts are made to survive the economy, it can move to a dangerous stage within about next six to 12 months. These views of experts cannot

The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe and Eveline by...

The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe and Eveline by James Joyce The Tell Tale Heart and Eveline are stories based around the circumstances, which surround a central character. Both protagonists are portrayed in totally different ways. The characters in both stories are quite different. Eveline is the image of a girls failure to become a woman. She tells herself that she would not be treated as her mother had been, but she isnt aware that such treatment offers her the only kind of security she knows. She has had to endure violence at the hand of her father, and she has let herself believe that she is in love with Frank when she isnt really. In The Tell Tale Heart, the story contains a nameless narrator who is†¦show more content†¦In Eveline, the story covers the whole of her life but is set in two different times. The reader knows she had suffered in her past and that she still suffers, so sympathises with her. If Eveline had been written in the same style of time like The Tell Tale Heart, where it would be set in a small period of time, then the reader may think Eveline is being selfish by leaving her old father, as the reader will not know about the torment she has received under her fathers hand. Tension is built in both stories in different ways. In The Tell Tale Heart, tension is felt in the first sentence. True!-Nervous-Very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am. The reader wants to know what the narrator is nervous about. Edgar Allen Poe has been very consistent with the use of structural devices to create a sense of dramatic exaggeration. A series of hyphens, question marks, exclamation marks and commas, all work well together to build pauses, momentary breaks and silences, which effectively lend to the dramatic tension at the opening of the story. Poe has also built tension with varied sentence structure. He uses long sentences to produce a great deal of momentum, while the short sentences quicken the pace of reading, at which the reader can understand and involve themselves in the plot. James Joyce writes the first paragraph of Eveline to be slow and calm. There isnt much action and we are unable to engage ourselves in the text

Gay Marriage Essay Introduction Example For Students

Gay Marriage Essay Introduction Discrimination is the Voice of IgnoranceMarriage is one of the fundamental establishments of the United States. As a young person, one looks forward to many goals in their lifetime: career success, a good life, and very often marriage to the person they love and a family together. This is one of the biggest parts of our American life and culture. Very few heterosexuals would be willing to put their right to marry on a ballot for voter approval, or even in their wildest dreams have to consider doing that. However, in the past ten years that is a prospect gay men and women are facing all over our United States. Why is American culture so unaccepting of homosexual marriages and what are the reprocutions of this for homosexual couples and for all of our citizens? Homosexuality, as a lifestyle has always been under great fire in our culture. Homosexuality has been defined and termed in many contexts. The West Chester University Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Services states that, Given the va riable aspects of sexual orientation and given evidence that an individual’s sexual orientation may change over time, it is difficult to provide a precise and universally accepted definition of homosexuality. In general terms, homosexuality may be described as the capacity to find affection and or sexual satisfaction with someone of the same gender. Focus founder and fundamental Christian leader, James Dobson, however, simply defines homosexuality as a sin and says homosexuals can be cured in God’s name (Egelko, 3/2000 p2). As one can see from these two examples alone, the definition of this lifestyle isn’t focused solely on what a homosexual is, but rather how individuals feel about the way of life. In day to day living, the homosexual lifestyle is most likely not much different from the heterosexual or straight lifestyle. A homosexual still gets up in the morning and goes to work or to school. They still have dinner with family or friends, participate in sports and community organizations and events. And yes, they still hold stable relationships, just like a man and women would, they still go through the ups and downs of a relationship, facing the same joyous moments, and same hard times with an individual they love. The homophobia that has spread through our country like wildfire since the outing of homosexuals became more common and acceptable undermines these common variables between homosexual and heterosexual couples. One of the largest differences for a homosexual is living a life of fear. Along with all of their day to day activities that mirror any heterosexual, they must also deal with the stress of being different and being unacceptable to the society which they are a part of. They must know the places they are welcomed as an outted gay person, and the ones where they must hide their true identities. As well, they are not granted many of the rights a heterosexual takes for granted. They cannot file for taxes along with their partner, cannot receive medical benefits or health insurance under their partners coverage, as most husband and wives do, and most essentially, they cannot create a bond of unity to express their love through a legal marriage (France, 2/2000 p2). Marriage has been a unique part of our culture since its beginning. Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary defines marriage as to join or unite a husband and wife. As well, many churches quote like definitions. The Catholic Church, for example, relies on Jesus’ statement about a man and his wife becoming one flesh, never to be separated ( Egelko, 3/2000 p1). And West Virginia Governor, Cecil Underwood, just asked the legislature to put on all marriage licenses and applications: Marriage is designed to be a loving and lifelong union between a woman and a man (Bundy, 1/2000 p1). The debate comes over whether or not these definitions are simply traditional in their wording of man and wife or if that is truly the way it is meant to be. This brings up the issue of whether religious or secular definitions should prevail and how to go about changing or amending these definitions. If a marriage is truly a unity of two individuals in love, however, who is the final decision-maker in how far those lines can be drawn? Is it really the place of our government, or even ourselves to tell a couple, rega rdless of their gender or sexuality that they may not be united legally in their love?This question, one of morality and of legality, has become a pressing issue in many states in the recent years. At the present day, no state in America has legalized the marriage of a same-sex couple (Swanson, 3/2000 p2). However, the latest trend in legislation is towards a ban on validating a marriage of a same-sex couple that has been legalized in another state or country. The first step which initiated this proposition came in Hawaii and began in 1994. Hawaii’s courts have held that denying marriage licenses to same-sex couples is a violation of the state’s constitution (Gallagher, 6/98 p2). In 1997, gay couples in Hawaii petitioned for legal recognition and won a groundbreaking compromise: domestic partnership (Wolf, 2/98 p1). Although this is not a marriage license, it does promise a more valid partnership in the eyes of the courts and of the society for the future. At the same time, however, thirty states have now passed bans on same-sex marriages outright, and in 1996, President Clinton signed the Defense of Marriage Act, which denies federal recognition of gay marriages (Wolf, 2/98 p3). The state of Vermont is also on the front page when it comes to the gay marriage movement. In a Vermont Supreme Court decision in December of 1999, Chief Justice Jeffrey L. Amestoy told the state legislature either to provide licenses or set up a domestic partner system extending all or most of the same rights and obligations provided by law to married partners (France, 2/2000 p1). The court’s decision was a huge win for proponents of gay marriage, however, it has not granted an actual marriage license yet, which is what a couple will really need in the eyes of federal and other state laws. The latest and probably hottest debate over this issue has been in California. In the beginning of March 2000, California voters approved a ballot measure recognizing only thos e marriages between men and women (Tharp, 3/2000 p1). Entitled Proposition 22, this ballot won by a 61-39 percent margin. Until this point, state law had required California to validate unions legally performed in other states. This ban, however, will make any same-sex union invalid in California. Ironically, same-sex marriages are not currently legal anywhere in the United States. Therefore, Proposition 22 is quite possibly jumping the gun. Opponents of P-22 state that gays’ right to marry, though rejected by most churches, should be preserved in secular society—and an individualistic tradition that impedes political organizations (Egelko, 3/3000 p3). It has also been called barbaric and mean-spirited. The individuals who have been backing this type of legislation include conservatives and religious leaders who have historically been undermining the basic individual rights of gays and lesbians for years; a fact that makes it very hard to believe this is not an attempt to hurt or discriminate against gay and lesbian people. Whether the recent legislation is anti-gay or pro-straight is still to be decided. One thing is evident, though, it highlights an anxiety that may very well be produced by the marital state of our current society. As Naomi Wolf states in her article Scenes from a Gay Marriage:With fifty percent of first marriages ending in divorce, the institution of straight marriage has broken down. Intensifying the heterosexual anxiety is the realization that just as straight people want out of marriage, gay people want in. And this is producing in heterosexual America a very real inferiority complex. .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 , .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .postImageUrl , .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 , .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:hover , .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:visited , .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:active { border:0!important; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:active , .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0 .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6913d4f647287701affd0e0a1263f1c0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Odysseus Persuasive EssayThis may be a very true statement. Is it possible that heterosexual America fears that gay marriages will be a new and better union than those of the past? Through the recent actions of many United States legislatures and from the adamant anti-gay comments so many Americans hear and say every day, it seems as though there isn’t much hope left for equal rights and equal treatment of homosexuals, let alone gay and lesbian couples who hope to be joined in marriage. The issue will very likely go on, much fueled by a debate of right and wrong and morality versus science. However, a few facts still remain. Homosexuality will continue to be a way o f life in out American culture. Unfortunately, it will continue to be degraded, until we as a society take cold hard steps against that discrimination. Fear and ignorance will always be abundant in America to fuel debates over other people’s choices, much like this debate over gay marriage. Something to really think about though is the idea that marriage is intended as a unity and a lifelong commitment of love. Ironically, a ban on just that is somewhat of an oxymoron. As a society, we need to change the negative traditions of our culture from discriminatory to accepting. Douglas F. Nissing, an Episcopal priest officiates at gay commitment ceremonies. After describing one of his recent ceremonies, he states the following:God was truly present. How could God be absent when there is such love? Every loving couple deserves the opportunity to have such a celebration. Yet the church, and many others continue to say that gay people don’t deserve this opportunity. This attitu de is directly responsible for creating and supporting an environment in which hatred and prejudice can take root and grow. It is time that we let the world know that love transcends the narrow vision that our brothers and sisters often preach. Pastor Nissing is correct. It is time for our culture, no matter how traditional, to stop fostering lines of hatred and fear and instead change focus to understanding and love, no matter what kind of love it may be. Social Issues